Men’s Social Determinants of Health

 Blog Contributor: Shelby Leventhal

* The thoughts, opinions, and viewpoints of this blog do not necessarily reflect the viewpoint or stances of Men’s Health Network.

As 2026 begins, many men begin to think: new year, new health goals. However, everyone’s health goals look a little different, and there are reasons for that. While it might be easy to blame personality or work ethic, the differences actually run deeper. Many of these goals and expectations are shaped by social determinants of health.

Many may think they have never heard of the term “social determinants of health,” but they are things people talk about every day. Formally, social determinants of health (SDOH) are defined as, non-medical factors affecting health like socioeconomic status, and geographic location. Less formally, they are where men are born, how they were raised, where they work, and how they have aged. Though the phrase social determinants of health can sound complex or daunting, this concept is discussed every day without may even realizing it. Managing and recognizing these determinants can lead to men living healthier, fuller, and longer lives.

The 5 primary SDOH are: economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context.

Why do these matter, and why is it so important men address these SDOH? Social determinants of health truly impact everyday life like securing quality jobs, valuable education, safe environments, adequate housing, and healthcare.

Why should men address and be aware of these? Awareness strengthens overall public health knowledge and ensures that everyone gets a more equitable chance at optimal health. As discussed in previous blog entries, men tend not to address their health and are more reluctant to seek help whether it be physically or mentally. Men are not to blame for these challenges. There is an ongoing stigma that encourages men to ignore their health, and many work long, grueling hours with no access to a doctor’s office after the workday ends. On top of that, the high cost of care makes it difficult to justify spending a large portion of their paycheck on healthcare when they are trying to provide for their families.

I aim to break down each of the 5 primary SDOH and how they impact men.

Economic and political structure, how men earn their pay and how politics impacts their health play a large role in men leading healthier lives.

When men have financial stability at the microeconomic level, they have access to more resources like regular health check-ups, access to mental health services, and more informal healthy activities like gym memberships and recreational sports. Financial stability and health reinforce one another as it is easier to maintain gainful employment when one is healthy and does not have chronic illnesses or disabilities.  At the macro level, public health policies that encourage men to take care of their health play a part in determining individual outcomes.

Education access is imperative if men wish to have quality employment opportunities, adequate income, and overall knowledge and skills in the workplace.

Men with higher levels of education are more likely to be aware of and invested in their health which can lead to making healthier choices and visiting the doctor regularly. Additionally, with higher quality employment, there are more benefits that come with such jobs like employer paid-for health insurance rather than paying out of one’s own pocket and accompanying wellness incentives.

Accessing quality health care can be a challenge for men whether it is the expense, the inability to take time off from their jobs, or the persistent stigma that men need not seek medical attention unless there are extreme circumstances. However, not seeking medical attention even if it is a regular check-up can heighten the risk of serious undetected health issues that can worsen over time.

When men do seek healthcare, it is important that they receive quality care with clear communication and respectful medical personnel.

Neighborhood and built environment is the way men were brought up and continue to live, this has a large impact on their health.

The neighborhoods, counties, and even houses men grew up in and now live in can impact access to resources like nutritious food, safety, a valuable education, and accessible healthcare. Neighborhoods with recreational spaces and even simple sidewalks can lead to a physically and mentally healthier upbringing with the ability to run around and socialize with other children. As men grow up, the access to sidewalks can lead to simple opportunities like a neighborhood walk or run. When these resources are unavailable, the desire to isolate with no movement is normalized, leading to an overall sedentary lifestyle.

Areas with fewer resources also impact locations around the neighborhood, such as grocery stores and healthcare facilities. Many of these communities are food deserts, meaning residents have limited access to affordable, nutritious food, which can make it harder to maintain a healthy diet and prevent chronic illness. When either are unavailable, men are more likely to succumb to an unhealthy lifestyle, relying on diets of primarily fast food and failing to attend preventative doctors’ appointments.

Finally, social and community context play a large role in men’s health.

Male friendship and companionship are so important. Strong social support systems can lead to lower stress, improved mental health, and overall healthier behaviors. However, there is a stigma that men need to be hyper-independent, not addressing their problems or relying on anyone.

This stereotype can lead to loneliness, isolation, and heightened stress.

As a college woman, I have observed the lifestyles of several young men in my peer group, even learning about a handful of their upbringings. When young men have the support of their parents, they often live in higher-end student apartments or newly renovated student homes in sought-after locations near the University of Kentucky campus. This kind of support can give them more housing options and flexibility. On the other hand, when young men lack resources and support systems, they are often forced to pick the most budget-friendly living option. However, health risks like harmful black mold can accompany those budget-friendly homes. I have noticed that when young men have a more stable upbringing with strong social support, they are less likely to rely on substances such as nicotine, alcohol, or drugs.

Overall, social determinants of health play a major role in shaping men’s upbringings, lifestyles choices, and long-term well-being. Determinants such as income, education, healthcare access, living environment, and social support all work together to influence how men care for themselves. By becoming more aware of these influences, men can better understand their health challenges and take steps toward positive change.

Addressing these determinants helps create stronger and healthier communities for future generations.

About the Author:

Shelby Leventhal is a senior at the University of Kentucky, pursuing a degree in Communications and Journalism. She is a Spring 2026 intern with Men’s Health Network and an avid writer. She is also a dedicated member of Delta Zeta sorority, and is known for her vibrant personality, leadership, and commitment to fostering a sense of community.

Outside of academics, Shelby enjoys a variety of hobbies that reflect her dynamic interests. She’s an enthusiastic participant in recreational sports, a lover of music, an adventurous cook, and a devoted friend to all things furry. Whether she’s cheering on her Wildcats or spending time with her sorority sisters, Shelby brings creativity and energy to everything she does.

Shelby is passionate about using her social media expertise to inspire and connect with others, always striving to leave a positive impact wherever she goes.